Primary Sources
1. Conscription System in Japan
Author : Ogawa, Gataro
Year- 1921
Type- book
“The Satsuma Rebellion led Japan to turn over a new leaf. Many rules and regulations changed, from the number of soldiers to the type of weapons used...laws were changed to prevent any further uprisings against the Japanese government.”
2. The Satsuma Rebellion
Author: Augustus Henry Mounsey
Publisher: William Cowes and Sons
Year: 1879
Type: Book
“Perry and his squadron appeared off its coasts in 1853 and demanded the conclusion of a treaty with the United States of North America. No doubt the emperor was awed with the powers of the west and began to rethink the idea of Japan’s former seclusion.”
3.The making of modern Japan
Author: John Harington Gubbins
Publisher: J.B. Lippincott Company
Year:1922
Type: Book
"The 1877 Satsuma Rebellion was by far the greatest. Unlike the minor insurrections that preceded it, the Satsuma Rebellion was rightly considered a civil war"
---ALL PICTURES ARE COURTESY OF .... google images----
SECONDARY SOURCES:
1. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/525059/Satsuma-Rebellion
Type- website
"Saigō Takamori."
Encyclopedia Britannica.
Encyclopedia Britannica Online.
Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 03 Jan. 2012.
“Saigō Takamori, original name Kichibē, or Kichinosuke, literary name Nanshū (born Jan. 23, 1828, Kagoshima, Kyushu, Japan—died Sept. 24, 1877, Kagoshima), a leader in the overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate who later rebelled against the weaknesses he saw in the Imperial government that he had helped to restore. Although his participation in the restoration made him a legendary hero, it also, to his mortification, relegated his samurai class to impotence…
Saigō, who was in the mountains on a hunting trip, hastily returned. By the time that he reached Kagoshima, his supporters were operating the arsenal themselves to provide supplies for further military action, and Saigō reluctantly agreed to become the leader of their rebellion.
Plans were made to march on Tokyo with the vague idea of presenting grievances to the government, and on February 15 Saigō’s army started out. Government forces blocked his advance at Kumamoto, and full-scale war ensued for the next six months.”
2. http://www.jstor.org/pss/2383560
Type: website
Year: 2011
Author: James H. Bugk
“The Satsuma Rebellion of 1877 was the final act of organized military resistance to the reforms of the Restoration Government. This civil war pitted a well-trained army of samurai warriors against the forces of the new and modernized...”
3. http://www.historynet.com/satsuma-rebellion-satsuma-clan-samurai-against-the-imperial-japanese- army.htm
Type: website
Year: 2006
Author: Weider History Group
“On a muddy field outside Kagoshima on September 25, 1877, the feudal system that had dominated Japan for 700 years died, not with a whimper but with a defiant roar. At 6 that morning, the 40 remaining warriors of the last traditional samurai army in Japanese history rose from their foxholes, drew their swords and charged into the guns of the 30,000-man-strong imperial army.
Under the shogun, and answerable only to him, came the daimyo ('great lords'), who were clan heads and hereditary provincial governors. Within the han (a term meaning both 'province' and 'clan'), society was a rigidly controlled pyramid, with the peasant at the bottom. The glue that held that structure together was the military caste that served the daimyo: the samurai.
In 1854, U.S. Navy Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry sailed into Kagoshima Harbor and invited Japan to join the modern world — at gunpoint. Determined to prevent future humiliations, Japanese leaders decided that they needed a modern army equipped with the most up-to-date weapons, trained by the best officers of the day."
4. http://militaryhistory.about.com/b/2008/09/24/satsuma-rebellion-samurai-destroyed-at-shiroyama.htm
Type- website
Year- 2008
Author- Kennedy Hickman
"On September 24, 1877 , Samurai forces were destroyed at the Battle of Shiroyama. Following a string of defeats, the rebel samurai forces of Saigo Takamori retreated to Kagoshima. Reduced to around 400 men, Saigo assumed a defensive position on Shiroyama hill and prepared to make a final stand"
1. Conscription System in Japan
Author : Ogawa, Gataro
Year- 1921
Type- book
“The Satsuma Rebellion led Japan to turn over a new leaf. Many rules and regulations changed, from the number of soldiers to the type of weapons used...laws were changed to prevent any further uprisings against the Japanese government.”
2. The Satsuma Rebellion
Author: Augustus Henry Mounsey
Publisher: William Cowes and Sons
Year: 1879
Type: Book
“Perry and his squadron appeared off its coasts in 1853 and demanded the conclusion of a treaty with the United States of North America. No doubt the emperor was awed with the powers of the west and began to rethink the idea of Japan’s former seclusion.”
3.The making of modern Japan
Author: John Harington Gubbins
Publisher: J.B. Lippincott Company
Year:1922
Type: Book
"The 1877 Satsuma Rebellion was by far the greatest. Unlike the minor insurrections that preceded it, the Satsuma Rebellion was rightly considered a civil war"
---ALL PICTURES ARE COURTESY OF .... google images----
SECONDARY SOURCES:
1. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/525059/Satsuma-Rebellion
Type- website
"Saigō Takamori."
Encyclopedia Britannica.
Encyclopedia Britannica Online.
Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 03 Jan. 2012.
“Saigō Takamori, original name Kichibē, or Kichinosuke, literary name Nanshū (born Jan. 23, 1828, Kagoshima, Kyushu, Japan—died Sept. 24, 1877, Kagoshima), a leader in the overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate who later rebelled against the weaknesses he saw in the Imperial government that he had helped to restore. Although his participation in the restoration made him a legendary hero, it also, to his mortification, relegated his samurai class to impotence…
Saigō, who was in the mountains on a hunting trip, hastily returned. By the time that he reached Kagoshima, his supporters were operating the arsenal themselves to provide supplies for further military action, and Saigō reluctantly agreed to become the leader of their rebellion.
Plans were made to march on Tokyo with the vague idea of presenting grievances to the government, and on February 15 Saigō’s army started out. Government forces blocked his advance at Kumamoto, and full-scale war ensued for the next six months.”
2. http://www.jstor.org/pss/2383560
Type: website
Year: 2011
Author: James H. Bugk
“The Satsuma Rebellion of 1877 was the final act of organized military resistance to the reforms of the Restoration Government. This civil war pitted a well-trained army of samurai warriors against the forces of the new and modernized...”
3. http://www.historynet.com/satsuma-rebellion-satsuma-clan-samurai-against-the-imperial-japanese- army.htm
Type: website
Year: 2006
Author: Weider History Group
“On a muddy field outside Kagoshima on September 25, 1877, the feudal system that had dominated Japan for 700 years died, not with a whimper but with a defiant roar. At 6 that morning, the 40 remaining warriors of the last traditional samurai army in Japanese history rose from their foxholes, drew their swords and charged into the guns of the 30,000-man-strong imperial army.
Under the shogun, and answerable only to him, came the daimyo ('great lords'), who were clan heads and hereditary provincial governors. Within the han (a term meaning both 'province' and 'clan'), society was a rigidly controlled pyramid, with the peasant at the bottom. The glue that held that structure together was the military caste that served the daimyo: the samurai.
In 1854, U.S. Navy Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry sailed into Kagoshima Harbor and invited Japan to join the modern world — at gunpoint. Determined to prevent future humiliations, Japanese leaders decided that they needed a modern army equipped with the most up-to-date weapons, trained by the best officers of the day."
4. http://militaryhistory.about.com/b/2008/09/24/satsuma-rebellion-samurai-destroyed-at-shiroyama.htm
Type- website
Year- 2008
Author- Kennedy Hickman
"On September 24, 1877 , Samurai forces were destroyed at the Battle of Shiroyama. Following a string of defeats, the rebel samurai forces of Saigo Takamori retreated to Kagoshima. Reduced to around 400 men, Saigo assumed a defensive position on Shiroyama hill and prepared to make a final stand"